As international efforts to counter worldwide health challenges that include antimicrobial resistance and infectious disease surveillance began to gather force at the end of 2016, a transition in U.S. global health leadership was underway — from a president who ushered in the “Global Health Initiative” (it fizzled out) and the Global Health Security Agenda (off to a strong start), whose administration overturned the ban on travelers who live with HIV entering the U.S, and oversaw a more than tripling of the numbers of people world wide receiving antiretroviral treatment for HIV, to a new president whose global health interests had yet to be seen.